Ivermectin in Compost: A Safe Choice for Gardeners?
With Many Gardeners Using Horse Manure It Is Important We Understand What Happens To Wormers/Ivermectin in Compost.
Table of Contents
Understanding the Research
Horse drawn plough
Ivermectin, primarily used as a deworming medication for horses, is often found in equestrian manure. So the question is, “is it safe to use that manure in the garden?”. There is verifiable research on the topic
A 2016 study conducted at Cornell University by Mary Schwarz and Jean Bonhotal shed light on the safety of using composted manure containing ivermectin in gardens. The concern has been whether this medication could pose a risk to plants, beneficial insects, or even humans if used in compost.
The study, published in the Cornell Waste Management Institute report, examined the degradation of ivermectin during the composting process. Researchers found that ivermectin breaks down rapidly, significantly reducing its concentration to negligible levels within a relatively short period. This suggests that composted manure containing ivermectin can be safely incorporated into gardens without adverse effects.
The Composting Process and Ivermectin Breakdown
Composting is a natural process that involves the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms. During this process, bacteria, fungi, and other organisms break down complex organic compounds into simpler substances, such as carbon dioxide and water. The study revealed that the high temperatures and microbial activity characteristic of composting environments accelerate the degradation of ivermectin.
Furthermore, the researchers observed that the specific conditions within the compost pile, including temperature, moisture content, and aeration, can influence the rate of ivermectin breakdown. However, even under less optimal conditions, the medication was found to degrade substantially over time.
Implications for Gardeners
The findings of this study have important implications for gardeners who use horse manure as a compost material. It provides reassurance that ivermectin residues in manure are unlikely to pose a threat to plants, beneficial insects, or human health. Gardeners can confidently incorporate composted manure containing ivermectin into their garden beds without concerns about potential negative impacts.
Safety Considerations and Best Practices
While the study demonstrates the safety of using composted manure containing ivermectin, it is essential to follow general safety guidelines when handling manure and compost. Always wear gloves and avoid direct contact with the material to minimize the risk of exposure to pathogens. Additionally, it is advisable to compost manure for a sufficient period to ensure complete decomposition of any potential contaminants.
Half-Life of Ivermectin
The study specifically mentions the half-life of ivermectin in compost, which is 3.6 days. This means that the concentration of ivermectin is reduced by half every 3.6 days during the composting process. The rapid degradation of ivermectin contributes to its safe use in gardens.
According to the research, the half-life of ivermectin in soil can vary depending on factors such as soil type, temperature,and moisture content. However, it generally ranges from 7 to 14 days. In faeces, the half-life of ivermectin has been found to be between 93 and 240 days when stored indoors at room temperature.
These findings suggest that ivermectin can persist in soil and faeces for longer periods compared to its half-life in manure. However, it’s important to note that the specific half-life can vary depending on environmental conditions.
Ivermectin Impact On Soil Flora and Fauna
Whether ivermectin persists is only part of the story. What is its impact at whatever concentration?
I don’t intend to go into this in as much detail as above but will say that the research I have reviewed shows minimal impact on earthworms and other soil flora and fauna. However I have not read all the research on the topic and suggest you research the topic in more detail if it concerns you. I have added tow research papers in the Additional Research section. But there are many others.
It is also important to note that anthelminics (wormers) are also used in other livestock. This article relates only to equines. I’m guessing the situation in other stock is similar but have not researched this!
Conclusion
The research conducted by Cornell University has provided valuable insights into the fate of ivermectin in compost. The study’s findings indicate that ivermectin rapidly degrades during the composting process, rendering it safe for use in gardens. This information empowers gardeners to make informed decisions regarding the use of composted manure and alleviate concerns about potential risks associated with ivermectin residues.
